Answer: When supply decreases but demand remains unchanged, fewer goods are available for buyers. This creates a shortage at the original price.

As a result:

• Equilibrium price increases because fewer goods are available.
• Equilibrium quantity decreases because fewer goods are bought and sold at the new equilibrium.

Example: Bad weather damages orange crops. Fewer oranges reach the market, but people still want oranges. The price rises, while the final quantity bought and sold decreases.

Remember: Supply decreases + Demand unchanged → Price rises and equilibrium quantity falls.